![]() ![]() Cyclothymic disorder refers to a cycle of up and down moods-of hypomania and mild depression-for at least two years.A person with Bipolar II will never have a "full" manic episode. ![]() ![]() Bipolar IIconsists of depressive and hypomanic episodes (periods marked by overactive and excited behavior, less extreme than mania) that alternate.Bonds said this is what most people think of when they hear the term "bipolar disorder." According to NAMI, for a person to be diagnosed with bipolar I, their manic episodes must last at least seven days or be so severe that hospitalization is required. Symptoms can fluctuate between manic episodes and, more often, depressive episodes. Bipolar I, according to the DSM-5, is a disorder that can exist both with and without psychotic episodes.The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (fifth edition) categorizes four types of bipolar disorder. The alliance says scientists believe the mental illness is caused by several factors, including genetics, stress and brain structure and function. population diagnosed with bipolar disorder and nearly 83% of cases classified as severe, according to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, or NAMI. The illness affects men and women equally, with about 2.8% of the U.S. Mental health experts spoke with The Times about how bipolar disorder is defined, the push to understanding the condition on a spectrum, how people are treated and the stigma that can come with a diagnosis. There's also a school of thought among some mental health professionals in which the condition is understood as a spectrum, rather than in rigid categories. Curley Bonds, chief medical officer for the L.A. "It's important to recognize that bipolar disorder is a mental illness, meaning that there isn't necessarily a physical underpinning for it," said Dr. But many people with a bipolar disorder diagnosis more commonly experience depressive episodes. The Depression and Bipolar Support Alliance defines bipolar disorder as a treatable mental health condition marked by extreme changes in mood, thought, energy and behavior and notes that "it's not a character flaw or a sign of personal weakness."Ī widely known symptom of the illness is manic episodes, which are marked by elevated changes in mood or behavior. Whether it's celebrities opening up about their diagnoses or an investigation finding that a person has struggled with the illness, such accounts often shape people's perceptions of this mood disorder that can manifest in countless ways and be difficult to diagnose. ![]()
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